3.+Key+Findings

Key Findings

** Law of Effect **

Thorndike was able to obtain this Law through a series of trial and errors with his puzzle box and animals. The Law states that the behavior can be either “stamped in” or “stamped out” depending on whether or not the behavior is followed by a pleasurable stimulus or by pain/agitation (Fancher, 2012).

** Operant Conditioning **

__ Skinner’s Box: __ Inspired by Pavlov’s conditioning but taken a step further to make the subject active in the conditioning to change a behavior. So the learning process and reflexes are no long passive.

__Reinforcers (Terry, 2009)__: Positive: Reward Negative: Escape or avoidance Punishment Extinction

__ Reinforcement schedules (Terry, 2009): __

Fixed ratio: reinforcement after a set number of responses Fixed interval: reinforcement after a set amount of time Variable ratio: Reinforcement after a varied number of responses Variable interval: reinforcement after a varied amount of time